e4440a programming manual

e4440a programming manual

In this application note, the characteristics of noise and its direct measurement are discussed in detail. The note describes the best way to use the PSA series to make distortion measurements such as ACP, intermodulation, and harmonic distortion. Topics include noise figure and temperature, noise characteristics of two-port networks, and the measurement of noise figure. Side-by-side comparisons include specifications, functional block diagrams and features. The signals of interest can either be. Demonstrations and explanations are also included. Page Count: 80 Agilent T echnologies makes no warranty of any kind with r egard to this material, i ncluding but not limited to, the implied w arranties of merchantabili ty and fitness for a partic ular purpose. Agilent T echnologies shall not be liable for error s contained he rein or f or incidental or consequential damages in con nection with the furnishing, performance, o r use of t his material. The following safety symbols are used thro ughout this manual. F amiliarize yourself with the symbols and their meaning befor e operating this analyzer. WA R N I N G Wa r n i n g denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warni ng note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met. CA UTION Caution denotes a hazard. It calls att ention to a procedure t hat, if not corre ctly perform ed or adhered to, could resu lt in damage to or destruction of the a nalyzer. Do not proc eed beyond a ca ution sign unt il the indic ated conditions are full y understood and me t. NOT E Note calls out special information for the user ’s a ttention. It provides operational information or additio nal instruct ions of whi ch the u ser should be aw are.Retain the shipping mat erials for fu ture use, as you may wish to ship the analyzer to anothe r location or to Agi lent T e chnologie s for service.http://ldkxzzs.com/images/userfiles/county-of-los-angeles-low-impact-development-standards-manual.xml

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V erif y that the conte nts of the ship ping contai ner are complete. The followi ng table lists the items shipped with the analyzer. Item Descript ion Accessor ies IntuiL ink T o olbar softw are, CD-ROM Provide s a set of connec tivity t ools that enable y ou to eas ily move data fr om your anal yzer to your PC. P owe r Cable (See Ta b l e 1 - 2.Adapter (E4446A and E44 48A only) 2.4 mm(f) to K(f ) front panel connector adapter, part numb er 1250-2187 Adapter (E4446A a nd E4448A only) 2.4 mm(f) to 2.4 mm(f) front panel co nnector adapter, part number 125 0-2188 Standard Documentatio n Set Getting Started Gui de Covers unpa cking a nd setting up th e analyzer, analyzer features, and how to ma ke a basi c measure ment. Incl udes info rmatio n on op tio ns and access ories, an d what to do if you have a problem. User ’ s and Progr amme r ’ s R eference Describ es analyzer feature s in detail, inclu ding front- panel key descriptions, basic spectrum analyzer programmi ng informat ion, and SCPI comm and descriptions. Measur ement Gui de Provide s details on how to measure v arious signals, and how to use catalogs and file s. Specif icatio ns Gui de Docu ments specifi cation s, s afety, and reg ulatory infor matio n. Instrum ent Message s and Functiona l T ests Includes instrumen t messages (a nd suggesti ons for troubleshooting them), and manual functional tests. Document ation CD-ROM Includes the documents i n the standard s et (listed above ). Y ou can vi ew and pr int the in format ion as ne eded. Se e the CD-ROM jacket for insta llation informati on. NO TE If you pur chased on e or more optional m easurem ent perso nalities, the rela ted guid es for the options you ordere d are in cluded. Serv ice do cumen tatio n is not inc luded in the standa rd documenta tion set. See “ Options ” on page 61 for info rmation on ordering. Line voltage d oes not need to be select ed. This analyzer does not contain cust omer servicea ble fuses.http://www.eksternest.be/images/county-of-orange-contract-policy-manual.xml

WA R N I N G F ailure to ground the analyzer proper ly can result in personal injury. Before turning on the analyzer, you must conn ect its protective earth terminals to the protective conductor of the main power cabl e. Insert the main power cable plu g into a socket outl et that has a protective eart h contact only. DO NOT d efe at th e earth-gr ounding protection by using an extension cable, power cable, or autotransf ormer without a protective ground conductor. If you are using an autotransf ormer, make sure its common terminal is connected to the protective earth contact of the power source outlet socket. This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective earthing ground incorpor ated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outle t provided with a protective earth contact. Any interru ption of the protective conduc tor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interru ption is prohibited. WA R N I N G T o p reve nt e lectri cal s hock, disc onnec t the A gilen t T ec hno logies spectrum analyzer from mains before clean ing. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally. CA UTION VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS: When instal ling the product in a ca binet, the convection int o and out of the product must not be restrict ed. I f the total p ower dissipat ed in the ca binet is great er than 800 w atts, then forced convection must be used. This analyzer has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the supply voltage is within the speci fied range. AC P ow er Cord The analy zer i s equipp ed w ith a th ree-w ire powe r cord, in acc ord ance with in tern ati onal safety sta ndards. This cable grounds the analyzer cabinet when connected to an appropr iate powe r line outl et. The cab le appropr iate to t he original s hipping locat ion is inclu de d with the an alyz er.

V ari ous AC power cables are availab le that are unique to specif ic geographic areas. Y ou can orde r addi tional AC power cables fo r use in different ar eas. AC P ower Cords, on page 11 lists the a vailable AC power cables, illustrate s the plug configurations, and identifie s the geographic area in which eac h cable is appropriate. NO TE The front pa nel switch is a standby switch only; it is not a LIN E s witch (power d isconnecting devic e). WA R N I N G Install the produ ct so that the detachable power cord is readily identifiable and easily reache d by the operator. The detachable power cord is the product disconnecting device. It discon nects the mains circuits fro m the mains supply before other parts of the product. The fron t panel switch is only a standby switch and is not a LINE switch. Alternatively, an externally installed switch or circuit breaker (which is readily identi fiable and is easily reached by the operator) may be used as a disconnecting device. CA UTION Alw ays use the three -prong AC power cord supplied wit h this p roduct. F ailure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord can cause product da mage.The battery is locate d on the CPU board. Y ou can order the service documentatio n for Agilent spectrum analyzers through your Agilent Sales and Servic e office. The d ocumentation is described under “ Op tio ns ” on page 61. NO TE If the analyzer ’ s cl ock does not work, the pr oblem is the battery. See “ Returning an Analyzer fo r Service ” on page 76. WA R N I N G Dang er of explo sion if batte ry is in corr ectly replac ed. R eplac e only with the same or equivalent type recommended. Discard used batteries according to the manufacturer’s instruct ions. Plu g in t he p owe r cor d. WA R N I N G If this product is to be energized via an external auto tra nsformer for voltage reduction, make s ure that its common terminal is connected to a neutra l (ear thed po le) of the pow er sup ply.

CA UTION The analyzer is shippe d with a a transportation disk inserted in the disk drive to prev ent damage to the disk dri ve during tran sportation. This transpor tation disk, or a bl ank floppy d isk, should be inser ted in the d isk drive whenever transpor ting the analyzer. Do not leave a disk in the front-panel disk drive while turni ng the analyzer on. Also, ensur e that the transport ation disk is remo ved from the drive. NO TE Do not connect anyt hing else to the ana lyzer yet. ? Press the power switc h (located in the lower lef t-hand corner of the analyzer ’ s fro nt panel) t o turn the analyzer on. See “ F ront P anel Overview ” on page 22. Inf ormation Screen An information scre en appears during the initializat ion process. The information s creen contains the analyz er product number and a URL for acces sing product sup port informat ion on the W o rld Wide W eb. See “ Additional Info rmation ” on pag e 2. NO TE The informati on screen displays for approximately 10 seconds befor e the initiali zation process is complete. Record the firm ware revi sion and serial number, and keep it for reference. If you should ever need to call Agilent T ec hnologies for service or with any questions r egarding your analyzer, it will be help ful to ha ve this info rmation readily a vailable. Y ou can also obta in the firmware revis ion and serial number by pre ssing Syst em, More, Show Syst em. NO TE It is ne cessa ry to cy cle the power t o the an alyz er af ter plug gin g in the LAN for the analyzer to recognize the network. ? Allow the spectrum analy zer to w arm-up f or 30 minu tes before m aking a ca librated measurement. T o mee t its specifi cations, the analyzer must meet operatin g temperature conditions. NO TE It is nor mal to hear clicking when the Auto Alignment f unction is on. See “ Running Internal Alignments ” on page 16 for more inf ormation. Why Aren ’ t All the P ersonality Options Loaded in Mem ory.

Many measurement p ersonality opti ons are av ailable for use with this instrument. If the option is loaded in the ins trument, you must also have a license key entered, to use it. Some versio ns of instr ument hardw are my not have enough memory to accommodat e all the optio ns that you ha ve ordered. It m ay al so be po ssible to upgrade your hardw are to ha ve more mem ory. Using an External Referen ce 1. T o use an external fre quency reference, connec t it to the EXT REF IN conn ecto r on th e rear pan el (s ee “ Rear -P anel F eatures ” on page 27 ). 2. Enter the frequenc y of the external referenc e into the analyzer: a. Press Sy stem, Reference, Freq Ref b. Se l ec t th e Ext func tion. c. Use the keypad to enter the frequency of the externa l frequency r eference. If you call Agilent T echnologie s regarding your anal yzer, it is helpful to have this revision and the analyzer ser ial number available.The analyzer w as shipped fr om the fact ory with the Alignments mode set to Auto. This is no t an indication of trouble. Manuall y P erf orming an Alignment If Auto Align, Off is selected, refer to t he Specifi cations guide f or the co nditions r equired to maintain calibr ation. NO TE F or detailed inf ormation regarding t he alignment rout ine (inclu ding how to run alignments, and how the analyzer can alert you whe n alignments are requ ired ) refe r to the User ’ s guide for your analyzer. T esting Printer Operation When you have com pleted the p rinter setup for the analyzer, press the front p anel Pri nt key. If th e pri nter is ready and th e pri nter setup was succe ssful, a prin tout of the analy zer display will be printed. If the printer is not ready, the message “ Prin ter not respond ing ” appears at the bottom of the scr een. NO TE There may be some small discrepan cies in the c olor mapping of the analyzer displa y to your color printer.

Due to differences in displa y and printer technolo gies, the default display colors do not map exactly to the printe r colors. F o r example trace 1 is yellow on your analyzer display while it maps to gree n on yo ur pri nter. Thi s redu ces the possibi lity of ESD da mage to componen ts and prevent c ontamination of exposed plati ng. F or infor mation on ordering static-s afe accessories, see “ Accessories ” on page 66.The mains plug shall be inserted only in a socket outle t provided with a protective earth contact. If this product is not used as specified, the protection provided by the equipment coul d be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (i n which all means for protection are intact) only. F or detail s on analyzer keys and remote pro gramming, refer to the User ’ s a nd Programmer ’ s Reference.Als o see “ Usin g Men u Keys ” on page 49. 3 ESC Key Exits any function without modifying the curre nt parameters. Also blanks the active function annotation. 4 Contr ol Keys Set parameters used for making measurements in the current mea surement mode. 5 Measure Key s Select and s et up specific m easurements within the curre nt applicati on. 6 Mode Keys Select measurement mode and mode param eters. NO TE The fr ont-pa nel sw itch is a s tandb y switch, not a LINE sw itch (disconne cting device ); the analyze r continues to draw power even when the li ne switch is in st andby. Use the detacha ble powe r cord to disco nnect the a nalyze r from the ma ins sup ply. 13 Help Ke y Not currently implemented. T o be implemented in future firmware upgrade. 14 Windo w Ke y s Next W indow: On displays wit h multiple windows, changes the h ighlighted wi ndow that is currently active. Zoom: Zoom s in on the highlighted w indow. 15 Naviga tion Keys Not currently implemented. T o be implemented in future firmware upgr ade. 16 Return Key Exits the cu rrent menu and retur ns to the previo us menu.

17 Data Control s Change the numeric v alue of a n active fun ction. Ent ries appear in t he active f unction area of the displ ay. Also see “ Ente ring Da ta ” on page 49. 18 Flopp y Disk Drive Accepts a 3.5 inch 1.44 MB floppy disk. 19 RF Input Input for an external signal.FTun: LO for fa st tuning. 30 Sweep type a Sweep, Sweep T ype 31 S ignal tra ck (coul d also be CP Continuous P eak Freque ncy, Signal T rac k P eak Search, Continu ous Pk a. This function can be auto-co upled. Item Des crip tion Ass oci ated Fun cti on Ke ys Note that this signal is not available when gating is bein g used. 9 21.4 MHz I F OUT Provi des 21.4 MHz I F output. 10 SCSI This feature is for factory use onl y Always turn off power before plug ging in keyboar d. T his featur e not fully implemented. Cur rently used only for firmware upgrades. 12 Line po wer input T he AC p ower c onnect ion. F or information o n using the anal yzer remotely, refer to the User ’ s and Progra mmer ’ s Refer ence. 15 TRIGGER 2 OUT A trigger output used to synchronize o ther test equipment with the analyzer. Reserved for future applica tions. 16 P ARALLEL Supports remote printing (Printing is supported only from the pa rallel port). 17 70 MHZ IF OUT Provi des 70 MH z IF output. 18 MONITOR Allows connection of an external VGA monitor. 19 RS-232 Allows conn ection of a PC, printer, or m odem. T his feature not fully implemented; to be implemented in a future release. 20 HNQ IN H7L IN H70 IN T hese features are only available when special o ptions are installed.The front-pane l keys are dark gray, light gray, green, or white in color. Front-panel keys that are white pe rform an immediat e action rather than bringing up a menu. The only green key is the Preset key, which performs an analyzer r eset (A summary of all front panel keys and their relat ed menu keys can be found in user ’ s guide for your analyzer).

Pressing most of the dark or light gray front-p anel keys accesses menus of functions that are dis played along t he right si de of the displa y. These are called menu keys. Menu keys li st fun ction s othe r than th ose a ccesse d dire ctly b y the fro nt pane l key s. T o activate a menu key function, pre ss the key immediately to the right of the annotation on the scr een. The menu keys that are displa yed depend o n which fr ont-panel key is presse d and which menu level is enabled. If a menu key function ’ s value can be changed, it is calle d an active function. The function label of the acti ve function is highlig hted after that ke y has been selected. F or exampl e, press AMPLITUDE Y Sc ale. This calls up the menu of related amplitude func tions. Note the function label ed Ref Level (the default selec ted key in the Amplitude menu) is highl ighted. Ref Level also appears in the active funct ion block, indicat ing that it is the active ampl itude function and can now be changed using any of the data entry controls. A menu key with On and Off in its label can be use d to turn the menu ke y ’ s function on or off. T o turn the function on, pr ess the menu key so that On is underli ned. T o tu rn the function of f, press the menu key so that Off is underlined. In the manual, when On s hould be underli ned, it wil l be indi cated as Function ( On). A function with Auto and Man in the label can either be auto- coupled or have its value manually changed. The value of the functio n can be changed manually using t he numeric keypad, knob, or step keys. T o auto-couple a function, pre ss the menu key so that Auto is underlined. In the manual, when Aut o should be underlined, it wi ll be indica ted as Function ( Auto ). In some key menus, one key label wi ll alwa ys be highlighted to show which key has been selected.

F or example, when you press Marker, you will access a menu of keys in which some of the keys are grouped t ogether by a blue bar on the left side of the menu. The Normal key, which is the Marker m enu default ke y, will be highlighted. When you press another key within the blue bar region, suc h as De lta, th e highli ght will mov e to th at key to show it has been selec ted. F or ex ample, when you press the Or ientation key (on the Pr int Setup menu), it will bring up its own menu of keys. The Po r t r a i t key, which is the Orientation menu default key, will be highlighted. When you pr ess t he Landscape key, the h ighligh t will m ove to th at key to show it h as been selected and the screen will return to the Print Setup m enu. The arrow keys locate d below the analyzer dis play (sometimes refe rred to as T ab keys) can be used to na vigate within tables, for example the Limit-Line table. These keys are used to move between rows. The Left-arrow k ey moves up, whil e the right-a rrow key moves down. While navigating thro ugh the t able, the cursor (inverse video highlight) stays in the same column. Navigati ng left or right in the table is accompli shed by choosing the des ired field using the front-panel k eys. This symbol is used to indicat e power STANDBY mode (yellow LED). This symbol is used to indi cate the ON position of the power button. This symbol is used to indi cate the OFF position of the power button. This symbol indic ates the input power required is AC. The instructio n documentatio n symbol. The p roduct is marked with this symbol when it is ne cessary for the user to refer to inst ructions in the documentation. The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community. The C-Tick mark is a regi stered tradema rk of the Australian Spect rum Management Agency.

This is a marking of an Industrial Scientific and Me dical Group 1 Class A product, and to indicate prod uct compliance wit h the Canadian Interferenc e-Causing Equipment Standa rd (ICES-001). The CSA mark is a registered trade mark of the Canadian Standards Association. F or more information on making measurements, see the measure ment guide for your analyzer. If you d o not, refer to “ F ront and Rear P anel F eatures ” on page 21. NO TE The di splay exampl es in this b ook are made us ing various a nalyzer models, you may see some variations depending upon your analyzer. Here are example s of menu key types: Knob Inc rements or de creme nts the cur rent value. Arrow Keys Increm ents or de cremen ts the cur rent value. Numeric Keypad Ente rs a specific value. Then press the desire d terminator (either a unit softk ey, or the Enter key). Unit Softkeys T ermi nate a value that requi res a uni t-of- measu reme nt. Example: T og gles the sel ection (unde rlined ch oice) each time you press the key. Submenu Displays a new menu of softkeys. Example: A subm enu key allo ws you to view a n ew menu of softkeys related to the submenu key categ ory. Choi ce Allows yo u to make a selectio n from a list of va lues. Example: A choice key disp lays the curr ently selecte d submenu choice, in thi s example, dBm. When the cho ice is m ade, th e subm enu automatically re turns. Adjust Highlights the softkey and sets the active function. Examples: Press this type of key and enter a value. The default for softkeys with an automatic ( Au to ) or manua l ( Man ) choice is automati c. After you enter a value, the selection chang es to manual. Y ou can a lso press t he softkey twice to change to manual. On Off Signal T rack Catalog dBm Y Axis Uni ts 13.2550000 GHz CF Step 10.00 dB Au t o Ma n Atte nu ation The analyzer has thr ee typ es of p reset: Factory Pr eset Rest ores the analyzer to its facto ry-defi ned state. User Preset Restores the analyzer to a user -defined st ate.

Mode P reset This type of preset res tores the currentl y selected mode to a known state. When Preset T ype is s et to Fac to r y, pressing t he green Preset key triggers a factory preset. When Preset T ype is set to U ser, pressi ng Prese t displays the softkeys F act ory Preset, User Prese t, and Mode Preset (if applic abl e); yo u then sel ect t he p reset you want.Setting Refer ence Level and Center Freque ncy NO TE The di splay examples in this sec tion are made us ing various analyze r models, you may see some variations depending upon your analyzer. 4. Set the r eference le vel to 10 d Bm: Press AMPL ITUD E, 10, dBm. 5. Set the center freq uency to 30 MHz: Press FREQUENCY, Center Freq, 30, MHz. The 10 MHz reference signal spectrum appear s on the display, as shown in Figure 3-1. NO TE The di splay exampl es in this b ook are made us ing various a nalyzer models, you may see some variations depending upon your analyzer. This displays the sign al as shown in Figure 3-2. 10 MHz P eak Note that the frequen cy and amplitude of the mark er appear bot h in the ac tive function bloc k, and in the upper -right corner of the sc reen. Y ou can us e the kn ob, the arrow keys, or the softke ys in the P eak Search menu to move the marker. Pressing Esc removes the value from the display. 8. If you have moved the marker, return it to the pea k of the 10 MHz signal. Changing Reference Le vel 9. Press AMPLITUDE, and note that reference level ( Ref Level ) is now the active funct ion. Pres s Marker ?, Mkr ? Ref Lvl. No te th at cha ngi ng th e re fere nce l eve l chan ges the ampl itud e val ue of th e top graticule line. Figure 3-4 shows the relationship between center frequenc y and reference level. The box represents the analyzer display. Changing the center frequency changes the horizontal placement of the signal on the display. Changing the reference level chan ges the vert ical plac emen t of the signal on the displ ay.

Incre asin g the sp an increases the fr equency range that appears horizo ntally across the displ ay. 10 MHz P e ak If Off is underlined, pr ess the softkey to toggle ma rker count on. V alid Marker Count Range 13.Move the marker down the skirt of the 10 M Hz peak. Note that altho ugh the readout in the a ctiv e fu ncti on ch ange s, as lo ng as the ma rker i s a t leas t 26 dB above th e no ise, the counted value (upp er -right cor ner of display) does not change (see Figure 3-6 ). F or an accurate count, the marker does not ha ve to be at the exact peak. NO TE Marker count func tions properly only on CW signals or dis crete peaks. This action make s the reso lutio n bandwidth the active func tion and a llows you to experiment wit h different resolution bandwidth (RBW) values. 15.Press M arker, Off to turn the mark er off.Whil e a PC has an internal dr ive, the analyzer ’ s int ernal storage is nonvolatile (flas h) memory, which acts as an inter nal drive. As with a PC, both the internal s torage and the floppy di sk drive have di rectory and sub-dire ctory capabi lity; in the anal yzer, directories and subdirec tories are c alled catalo gs. F or more information on catalogs and fi les, s ee the Measurement guide. Data storag e and retrie val are handled s imilarly to that of persona l computers (PCs). Like PCs, these analyze rs includ e an inter nal storage dri ve and a f loppy disk drive, both of which ha ve directo ry and sub-dir ectory capabilit y. Locating and viewing files in the catalog T echniqu es for l ocat ing f iles and dir ecto ries ar e con sis tent thro ugho ut the vario us fi le menu functions. Although this sec tion provides specific information about navigation in the c atal og, you m ay wish to re fer b ack to this s ect ion w hen p erfo rmin g oth er op era tion s of the file menu. F iles saved as Tr a c e cann ot b e imp ort ed i nto other applic ations or converted. If you require the use of other applications, for e xamp le Microsoft.

W ord or Microsoft. Exce l, be sur e to save your files as.gif or.wmf f ormats using Screen fo r your file Ty p e. Entry field s that are being modifie d or are modifiable ar e indicated by highli ghting (inverse vide o). Each f ile menu function ha s its own unique set of entry fields p ertaining to that function. Highlighting a r ow of informatio n selects t hat location and updates the entry fields. Ther e are four column headings i n this area of the displa y.If you are already at the top level, this key moves you up to the drive level, displaying the available disk drives. d. Dir Select: moves you down into the hi ghlighted d irectory or up into the next lev el (direct ory or drive) if the “.. ” under the Name: column is highlighte d. NO TE Navi gation keys: Use the f ront-panel St ep Ke ys or Knob and the Dir Up or Dir Select ke ys to mo ve ar ound in the di recto ry in form atio n box. 4. The drive space line s hows the number of bytes used on the drive and the numb er of bytes still free on the dr ive. Creating a directory Directories and sub-direc tories can be created on both the A: flopp y disc and the internal C: drive. This allows maximum flexibility in organizing file s. F or this example, we will create a direc tory on the C: drive. 1. Press File, More 1 of 2, Crea te Dir. The me ssag e: Creating Dire ctory appears on the screen. Then the statu s bar displays: Dir ectory C:\START created. 5. T o mak e a su b-dir ecto ry, scr oll do wn to th e START direct ory you just cr eated and press Dir Select. The Path: field should n ow read: C:\START\. Repeat Steps 3 and 4 above, using a new name. The status bar now shoul d read: Directory C:\START\n ew name created. In this example you will save a trac e to the int erna l C: driv e. NO TE Trace fil es are not bitmap files. Files sa ved as Tr a c e ca nnot be i mpo rted into other applic ations or converted. W ord or Microsoft.Y o ur analyzer displa y should look similar to Figure 4-4. F igure 4-3.

V iewing T races 1 and 2 7. Activate trace 3 by pressing T race (3 ), C lear Write. Y our analyzer display should look similar to Figu re 4-5. In this example you are sa ving a trace; press Ty p e, Tr a c e. NO TE Trace fil es are not bitmap files. Exce l, be sur e to save your files as.gif or.wmf f ormats using Screen fo r your file Ty p e. 3. Se lect the t race y ou wish to save ( 1, 2, 3, o r all trac es).The Alp ha Editor a ppears. F or this example you will name the file, “ TEST1 ”. (The numeric keypa d is also available fo r the filename.) Note that the file extension is alwa ys set by the system and for this file type the extension is TRC. Y ou must now pr ess the En ter (har dkey ) to g et b ack t o the Save menu. NO TE Y ou need to use a filename that does not alre ady exist in the current director y. The filename is limited to eight c haracters, alpha (A-Z) or numeric (0-9) i n any combination. The analyzer will not allow you to overwrite an existing f ile. If you selec t a filename tha t already exis ts, the status bar will disp lay the me ssage: File already exis ts. If you do not choose a filename, the analyzer will auto matically generat e a name based on the ty pe of file you are sa ving (Setup: SETUP, State: STATE, T race: TRAC E, Limits: LIM IT, Corrections: COREC, Screen: SCREN ). It also generates a three di git integer (starting at 000 and ext ending through 999, remembering th e previously sav ed value through a power cyc le) which it adds to the name, for example: TRACE056.TR C. Also note that th is thr ee dig it int ege r incre men ts upon each attempted s ave until a unique filename is creat ed, without regard to the succes s of t he save. 6. The destinat ion for the save d file is shown in the Path: field. In this example, you will sele ct th e pa th as C:\ST ART\. If t he correct location i s not lis ted in t he Path: field, change di rectories as follows: a.